Chap. 13-19: Baroque Music
Basic concepts
Baroque: implies distortion, excess, 1600 to 1730-1750
-Early Italian developments: Monteverdi, Cavalli, Carissimi
-importance of rhetoric, "affect"
-rise of solo song, monody, "musiche"
-rise of basso continuo accompaniment
-theatrical music: opera, oratorio, cantata (monody)
-emphasis on extremes of range, volume, other contrasts
French developments, Louis XIV: Lully, Charpentier
-institutions: "24 violins," chamber, "stable," chapel
-opera and ballet (emphasis on dance, royal pageantry)
-redesign of woodwind instruments (Hotteterre)
-rise of orchestra (string band plus pairs of winds) with conductor
-French overture, suite, prelude
Later Italian developments: Scarlatti, Corelli, Vivaldi
-opera seria, dominance of da capo aria design
-sonata develops into multi-movement form
trio or solo sonata, also da chiesa, da camera
-concerto: expansion of sonata ("concerto grosso") (Corelli)
-multi-section ritornello fast movement (Torelli)
three movement form (Vivaldi)
Composers in other countries knew both French and Italian
styles, alluded to both. Purcell, Bach, Handel,
F. Couperin, Rameau
-Handel dominated by Italian influence, but orchestral suites
(Water Music, Fireworks Music) in French style
-Bach encounters Vivaldi abt. 1713, pervasive influence of
ritornello concerto style in most of his later works!
Review terms
seconda prattica recitative monody
aria arioso cantata
oratorio Camerata basso continuo
ostinato (ground) stile concitato ritornello
da capo aria castrato ballad opera
semi-opera opera seria church cantata
chaconne biblical history passion
sacred concerto cornetto sonata
concerto concerto grosso trio sonata
ripieno episode spinning out
French overture suite preludium
fugue chorale prelude rondeau
binary dance figured bass rhythmic inequality
Louis XIV "King's Chamber" "24 Violins"
"Big Stable" Water Music Royal Fireworks Music
Beggar's Opera conductor Brandenburg Concertos
Cantor Art of Fugue Well-Tempered Clavier
Traité de l'Harmonie
Monteverdi Cavalieri Caccini
Viadana G. Gabrieli Cavalli
Cesti Schütz Praetorius
Pachelbel Buxtehude Purcell
Lully F. Couperin Rameau
Legrenzi Torelli Corelli
Vivaldi A. Scarlatti D. Scarlatti
J.S.Bach Handel Telemann
The final exam is Monday, December 8 at noon.
Please bring a fresh blue book.