The University of Mississippi

Music 301: History of Western Music I

Review 3: Baroque Music


                 Chap. 13-19: Baroque Music 
                 
                        Basic concepts   

Baroque: implies distortion, excess, 1600 to 1730-1750
 -Early Italian developments: Monteverdi, Cavalli, Carissimi
 -importance of rhetoric, "affect"
 -rise of solo song, monody, "musiche"
 -rise of basso continuo accompaniment
 -theatrical music: opera, oratorio, cantata (monody)
 -emphasis on extremes of range, volume, other contrasts
French developments, Louis XIV: Lully, Charpentier
 -institutions: "24 violins," chamber, "stable," chapel
 -opera and ballet (emphasis on dance, royal pageantry) 
 -redesign of woodwind instruments (Hotteterre)
 -rise of orchestra (string band plus pairs of winds) with conductor
 -French overture, suite, prelude
Later Italian developments: Scarlatti, Corelli, Vivaldi
 -opera seria, dominance of da capo aria design
 -sonata develops into multi-movement form
   trio or solo sonata, also da chiesa, da camera
 -concerto: expansion of sonata ("concerto grosso") (Corelli)
 -multi-section ritornello fast movement (Torelli)
   three movement form (Vivaldi)
Composers in other countries knew both French and Italian
   styles, alluded to both. Purcell, Bach, Handel, 
   F. Couperin, Rameau
 -Handel dominated by Italian influence, but orchestral suites 
   (Water Music, Fireworks Music) in French style
 -Bach encounters Vivaldi abt. 1713, pervasive influence of
   ritornello concerto style in most of his later works!
                             

                                Review terms

seconda prattica    recitative         monody
aria                arioso             cantata
oratorio            Camerata           basso continuo
ostinato (ground)   stile concitato    ritornello
da capo aria        castrato           ballad opera
semi-opera          opera seria        church cantata
chaconne            biblical history   passion

sacred concerto     cornetto           sonata
concerto            concerto grosso    trio sonata
ripieno             episode            spinning out
French overture     suite              preludium
fugue               chorale prelude    rondeau
binary dance        figured bass       rhythmic inequality


Louis XIV           "King's Chamber"   "24 Violins"
"Big Stable"        Water Music        Royal Fireworks Music         
Beggar's Opera      conductor          Brandenburg Concertos
Cantor              Art of Fugue       Well-Tempered Clavier
Traité de l'Harmonie


Monteverdi          Cavalieri           Caccini
Viadana             G. Gabrieli         Cavalli
Cesti               Schütz              Praetorius
Pachelbel           Buxtehude           Purcell
Lully               F. Couperin         Rameau
Legrenzi            Torelli             Corelli
Vivaldi             A. Scarlatti        D. Scarlatti
J.S.Bach            Handel              Telemann

The final exam is Monday, December 8 at noon.
Please bring a fresh blue book.