1905 | Britain | France | Germany | Russia | Japan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan | Rouvier became prime minister | revolution started | occupied Port Arthur | ||
Feb | |||||
Mar | William II visited Tangier | Russia lost battle of Mukden to Japan | |||
April | Lansdowne FS opposed German ambition for a port in Morocco | Delcassé FM resigned & withdrew | |||
May | Japan destroyed last Russian fleet at Tsushima | ||||
June | Delcassé resigned | William II made Bülow a prince | |||
July | Rouvier PM agrees to German demand for a conference on Morc. | William II & Nicholas II signed European defensive alliance at Björkö | |||
Aug | renewed alliance with Japan | renewed alliance with Britain | |||
Sept | made peace on US mediation, Japan controlled Korea | ||||
Oct | |||||
Nov | revolution reached climax | ||||
Dec | Edward Grey, Foreign Secretary | ||||
1906 | Grey authorised conversations between Br & Fr general staffs | Moroccan conference of the Powers at Algeçiras | |||
Feb | |||||
Mar | Algeçiras agreement, French control Moroccan police with Spain | ||||
April | Bülow heart attack in Reichstag | ||||
May | Izvolski became Foreign Minister | ||||
June | |||||
July | |||||
Aug | |||||
Sept | British secretary for war Haldane visited German army on the anniversary of Sedan | ||||
Oct | Clemenceau, Prime Minister | Russian Foreign Minister Izvolski visited Berlin &refused to visit London | |||
Nov | |||||
Dec | |||||
1907 | Britain | France | Germany | Russia | Japan |
Jan | |||||
Feb | |||||
Mar | |||||
April | |||||
May | |||||
June | |||||
July | Jules Cambon went as ambassador to Berlin and sought entente | Russia and Japan agreed on joint monopoly of Manchuria | |||
Aug | Britain and Russia agreement on spheres of influence in Persia, on Tibet and Afghanistan; Anglo-Russian entente | ||||
Sept | |||||
Oct | William II visited England &offered share in Baghdad railway; Britain proposed discuss with France &Russia | ||||
Nov | supplementary naval law (program of Dreadnought building) | ||||
Dec | |||||
1908 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | |||||
Feb | Izvolski proposed Anglo-Russian attack Turkey | ||||
Mar | increased naval estimates | ||||
April | |||||
May | |||||
June | Edward VII & Hardinge met Nicholas II & Izvolski at Reval; Russians refused urges to build her army; agreement on reform program in Macedonia | ||||
July |
Chancellor of exchequer Lloyd George proposed that Germany cut down rate of naval building |
Young Turk revolution; Izvolski offered support A-H annex B & H | |||
Aug | Edward VII & Hardinge visited William II; Germany refused British proposal of reducing naval race | ||||
Sept | secret contract for 2 battleships | Aehrenthal met Izvolski at Buchlov; bargain over B&H and Straits | |||
Oct | Britain & France didn't support Izvolski抯 schemes on the Straits | Bülow supported A-H decision; Daily Telegraph interview affair | proclaimed annexation of B&H | PM Stolypin threatened resign | |
Nov | |||||
Dec | |||||
1909 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | Moltke promised A-H to mobilize whole army if Russia mobilizes | ||||
Feb | Edward VII visited Berlin | joint declaration of French political predominance in Morocco | |||
Mar | 4 battleships authorized | Germany forced Russia and Serbia to acknowledge A-H annexation of B&H; Bosnian crisis over | |||
April | German Foreign Minister Kiderlen suggested Anglo-German naval convention on no-war promises | ||||
May | |||||
June | Bülow resigned; Bethmann Hollweg became Chancellor | ||||
July | 4 "contingent" ships authorized | ||||
Aug | Britain and Germany started negotiations on cuts in naval program & on general political relations | ||||
Sept | |||||
Oct |
Izvolski bargain with Italy at Racconigi on Straits & Tripoli | ||||
Nov | |||||
Dec |
agreement with Italy on principle of non-intervention | ||||
1910 | |||||
Feb | |||||
Mar | |||||
April | |||||
May | |||||
June | |||||
July | |||||
Aug | |||||
Sept |
Sazonov, new Foreign Minister | ||||
Oct | |||||
Nov | William II met Nicholas II & Sazonov at Potsdam; bargain on Anglo-Russian entente & Persia failed | ||||
Dec | |||||
1911 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | |||||
Feb | |||||
Mar | Grey offered Germany "a general political formula" and a deal over railways in Baghdad & Persia | ||||
April | |||||
May | occupied Fez in Morocco | ||||
June | Secretary of state Kiderlen demanded compensation from France | ||||
July | fleet prepared for action | Caillaux became Prime Minister; secret negotiate with Germany | Panther anchored in Agadir | ||
Aug | Russia warned it wouldn't fight for France; Germany confirmed deal over Persia & Baghdad railway | ||||
Sept | uncommitted to Italy抯 war with Turkey at Tripoli | German secretary of state Kiderlen agreed to French protectorate over Morocco in return for territory in French Congo | |||
Oct | |||||
Nov | France and Germany signed the agreement over Morocco | tried claim reward from France | "Charykov kite" offered t Turkey | ||
Dec | Grey threatened to resign & to dissolve Anglo-Russian entente |
Sazonov repudiated Izvolski-Charykov intrigue | |||
1912 | Caillaux replaced by Poincaré | ||||
Feb | Haldane visited Berlin & offered colonial concession if German naval program doesn't increase | consulted France on Balkan | |||
Mar | Germany published new naval program and Anglo-German negotiations failed & never renewed | Serbia and Bulgaria signed alliance against Turkey | |||
April | French ambassador proposed that Britain renew offer of alliance | economic crisis after Turks closed the Straits against Italy | |||
May | |||||
June | William II met Nicholas II at Port Baltic | ||||
July | France and Russia concluded a project of naval convention for co-operation in the Mediterranean | ||||
Aug | Poincaré told Sazonov that England would aid France in case of German attack and urged Russian naval agreement with Britain | ||||
Sept | Anglo-Russia naval agreement | fleet at Brest moved to Toulon | |||
Oct | Austro-Russian warned Balkan league. First Balkan War | ||||
Nov | Grey & Cambon exchanged letters on consultation & cooperation | urged co-op on Br & Fr to keep Russia out of Constantinople | Insists on independent Albania | threatened war vs. Bulgaria | |
Dec | Balkan peace conference | Balkan states armistice with Turkey | |||
1913 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | Poincaré became President | prepared a new army bill | |||
Feb | An Austrian prince visited Russia and appealed to solidarity | ||||
Mar | army bill created mass-army | Balkan war renewed; Turkey lost Adrianople | |||
April | Great Powers agreed on a naval demonstration and forced Montenegro out of Scutari, which they had resolved should go to Albania but was seized by Montenegro | ||||
May | Treaty of London ended the 1stBalkan war; Albania gained international existence; Turkey asked for a German mission to reorganize her armed forces | ||||
June | Britain and Germany revived a 1898 agreement over Portuguese colonies in Africa but didn't sign it | Bulgaria attacked Greece & Serbia and was defeated | |||
July | wrote off share in Turkey抯 debt | ||||
Aug | extended army service to 3 yrs | Peace of Bucharest ended 2nd Balkan war | |||
Sept | |||||
Oct | sent an ultimatum and forced Serbia to withdraw from Albania | ||||
Nov | an admiral reorganized the Turkish navy | General Liman von Sanders was in charge of Turkish army | |||
Dec | Russian Prime Minister visited | plan a vast increase in forces | |||
1914 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | Liman won Sanders crisis over | Sazonov thinks to revive Poles | |||
Feb | agreed over Baghdad railway; William II said Russia is enemy | ||||
Mar | |||||
April | George V & Grey visited Paris; Grey uncommitted about Russia | ||||
May | concluded they must strike before Russian army expands | a Turkish delegation visited | |||
June | naval talks with Russia | Viviani became Prime Minister | William II met Francis Ferdinand | Ferdinand is killed in Sarajevo | Nicholas II visited Rumania |
July | cabinet overruled commitment | Poincaré & Viviani visited Russia | encouraged A-H to fight Serbia | declared war on Serbia | decided on general mobilization |
Aug | demand respect neutral Belgium | Delcassé, new foreign minister | declared war on Russia &France | promised free Polish nation | |
Sept | Agreed with France, Russia not to make separate peace | German army was halted on the Marne and driven back in defeat | Turkey closed Straits to trade | ||
Oct | 2 cruisers attacked Black Sea | promised Rumania Transylvania | |||
Nov | announced to annex Egypt | a line of trenches running from Switzerland to the sea | was driven from Belgrade | ||
Dec | offer to withdraw from Belgium | appealed to allies for assistance | |||
1915 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | propose to attack Dardanelles | acquiesced British attack | |||
Feb | |||||
Mar | agreed to Russian demand | demanded Straits & territory | |||
April | agreed to Russian demand | ||||
May | Germany and Austria-Hungary army broke through at Gorlice | ||||
June | Germany and Austria-Hungary drove Russian army out of Galicia | ||||
July | |||||
Aug | |||||
Sept | Germany and Austria-Hungary army took Poland and Lithuania | ||||
Oct | Joffre foresaw long period of war | Bulgaria entered the war against Serbia | |||
Nov | |||||
Dec | agreed to remain in Salonica | ||||
1916 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | Sykes-Picot agreement allotted Syria to Fr, Mesopotamia to Britain | ||||
Feb | Grey-House agreement on the offer of American mediation | German attack on the fortress of Verdun started | |||
Mar | French prime minister Briand proposed that allies should guarantee Russia抯 promises to Poland; Sazonov warned him off Poland | ||||
April | |||||
May | offensive back to Galicia | ||||
June | German attack on the fortress of Verdun ended | ||||
July | launched Battle of the Somme | ||||
Aug | accepted Rumanian terms for entering the war | Hindenberg & Ludendorff | accepted Rumanian terms | ||
Sept | Italy declared war on Germany | was allotted Armenia & Kurdistan | |||
Oct | |||||
Nov | Lansdowne urged negotiations | William II & Francis Joseph promised independent Poland | |||
Dec | rejected German announcement | announced willing to negotiate | |||
1917 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | Entente defined war-aims | Entente defined war-aims | unrestricted submarine warfare | Entente defined war-aims | |
Feb | allied conference at Petrograd to co-ordinate strategy and resources; Franco-Russian agreement on Saar, Alsace, Lorraine for France & Poland for Russia | ||||
Mar | revolution dethroned the tsar | ||||
April | St. Jean de Maurienne agreement offers Italy Smyrna & Koniah | Bethmann underwrote High Command抯 peace terms | |||
May | |||||
June | |||||
July | Reichstag pass peace resolution | fought last battle & was defeated | |||
Aug | declined papal mediation | Kühlmann, secretary of state | |||
Sept | declined papal mediation | ||||
Oct | made recovery of Alsace & Lorraine essential war-aim | Kühlmann announced never to surrender Alsace & Lorraine | |||
Nov | Clemenceau, new prime minister | defeated Italy at Caporetto | Bolsheviks seized power | ||
Dec | Bolsheviks published secret treaties | ||||
1918 | Britain | France | Germany | Austria-Hungary | Russia |
Jan | |||||
Feb | |||||
Mar | Bolsheviks made a peace of surrender with Germany at Brest-Litovsk; Russia lost the Baltic provinces and the Ukraine | ||||
April | |||||
May | |||||
June | |||||
July | |||||
Aug | Allied attack at Amiens | ||||
Sept | |||||
Oct | conquered Jerusalem &Damascus | occupied Beirut | informed US to sue for peace | ||
Nov | German Republic was proclaimed & signed armistice | Emperor resigned and the empire disintegrated |